Tamarack Christian Latin: Progressus Latine

Hac in schola omnes sumus condiscịpuli. / In this school we are all students.

24 oct 2026

Links

TCL M ain Page ▫ QA, Basics, Overviews ▫ Supplements ▫ Collins ▫ Progressus Latine ▫ Mostly Medieval ▫ Prac.

Overview

Some stressed antepenults marked for student use.

This page lists Latin rhetorical exercises and grammar points typically treated by Dr. Peters in seated classroom settings or in tutoring independent students and is keyed as follows:

Topics already presented and thus subject to examination.

Topics being presented and soon subject to examination.

Topics not yet presented.

The links below take users to more detailed explanations of topics (mostly mine, sometimes someone else's), to background information on topics (such as wiki), and occasionally to high-quality recordings of materials.

Orientation

to study

These topics provide an orientation to the study of Latin.

First things first.

• A primer for Latin students and their parents, here.

• Latin is not like any other course, here.

Preliminaries.

• First thoughts toward learning Latin, 1-9, here.

• Kinds of Words (Parts of Speech), 1-3, here.

• Notes on sentences, 1-3, here.

Rhetorical exercises

Top

The exercises listed below offer the opportunity to learn Latin by use. These exercises are not of equal importance or difficulty. Some can be learned in a few minutes, others require more time to master.

Orationes / Prayers.

Quạttuor Preces / Four Prayers

• Signum crucis, here.

wiki

• Pater noster, here.

wiki

• Ave Maria, here.

wiki

• Glọria Patri, here.

wiki

Ạliae Preces / Other prayers

• Salve Regina, here.

wiki

• O mi Jesu, here.

• Deus, cujus, here.

• Bẹnedic, Dọmine, nos, here.

• Ạgimus tibi, here.

• Ạngelus, here.

wiki

• Ạnima Christi, here.

wiki

• Rẹẹquiem aeternam, here.

wiki

• Alma Redemptoris, here.

wiki

• Actiones nostras, here.

Cantica majora / Gospel canticles

• MP, Benedictus, here.

wiki

• EP, Magnịficat, here.

wiki

• NP, Nunc dimittis, here.

wiki

Hymni / Hymns.

• Tantum ergo, here.

wiki

• O Salutaris Họstia, here.

wiki

• O Sanctịssima, here.

wiki

• Adoro te devote, here.

wiki

• Regina coeli, here.

wiki

• Ave verum (Mozart), here.

wiki

• Veni Creator Spịritus (1632, chant), here.

wiki

Cantica / Songs.

• Non nobis, here.

Doyle

wiki

• Gaudeamus igitur, (I) here.

wiki

• Gaudeamus igitur, (II) here.

wiki

• Nobilis albulus, here.

Ranieri

• Heri, here.

Ranieri

Aphorismae / Aphorisms

Religious

• Ad Iesum per Mariam.

• Laudetur Iesus Christus. ▫ Nunc et in aeternum.

• Et Deus te diu sọspitem servet.

• Fac bonum, detesta malum.

Secular

• Repetịtio est mater studiorum.

• Scito te ipsum / ipsam.

wiki

• Cọgito ergo sum.

wiki

• Hac in schola omnes sumus condiscịpuli.

• Festina lente.

• Quis custọdiet ipsos custodes?

• Contra factum non valet argumentum.

Sermones / Quotes.

Gen XXVIII: 17

(St. Thomas)

• Terrịbilis est locus iste: non est hic ạliud nisi domus Dei, et porta caeli.

Mark II: 11

• Tibi dico: Surge, tolle grabatum tuum, et vade in domum tuam.

John I: 1

• In princịpio erat Verbum et Verbum erat apud Deum et Deus erat Verbum. ▫ Ἐν ἀρχῇ ἦν ὁ λόγος, καὶ ὁ λόγος ἦν πρὸς τὸν θεόν, καὶ θεὸς ἦν ὁ λόγος.

John XIV: 6

• Ego sum via, et vẹritas, et vita; nemo venit ad Patrem nisi per me. ▫ Ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ ὁδὸς καὶ ἡ ἀλήθεια καὶ ἡ ζωή.

I Cor. II: 2

• Non enim iudicavi scire me aliquid inter vos nisi Iesum Christum et hunc crucifixum.

Athanasian Creed, 6th c.

• Quicumque vult salvus esse ante ọmnia opus est, ut teneat catholicam fidem: Quam nisi quisque integram inviolatamque servạverit, absque dụbio in aeternum peribit.

Augustine, Confess, 1, 1

• Fecisti nos ad te, Domine, et inquietum est cor nostrum donec requiescat in te.

Augustine,

Sermo 261

• Hac in schola omnes sumus condiscịpuli.

Cicero,

Pro Archia.

• Qui putat minorem fructum glọriae ex Graecis vẹrsibus capi quam ex Latinis, errat, quod Graecae lịtterae leguntur in ọmnibus fere gẹntibus sed Latinae lịtterae suis fịnibus continentur.

Cicero,

De Officiis, 1, 1.

• Ad meam utilitatem semper cum Graecis Latina coniunxi neque id in philosọphia solum, sed etiam in dicendi exercitatione feci, idem tibi cẹnseo faciendum, ut par sis in utriusque orationis facultate.

Hevenesi

• Nihil quaere pẹnitus de factis aliorum.

Pius XII (1951)

• Nullus sit sacerdos qui nẹsciat fạcile et expedite lẹgere et loqui latine!

Kinds of words / Parts of speech

Top

The topics listed below are typically treated during a basic sequence of Latin studies (e.g., two years in college, or about three years in high school, or an equivalent period of independent study). These points are not of equal importance or difficulty. Some can be learned in a few minutes, others require some days or weeks to learn and might require months to master. No particular textbook is required by this sequence although some textbook references are given for convenience.

Verb basics, here.

Verbs are the most important words in a phrase or sentence; besides conveying the main action, finite Latin verbs usually convey who is the subject of the sentence.

• Principal parts of verbs, here.

Regular verbs

• Present indicative active, here.

3-o

3-io

• Perfect indicative active, here.

3-o

3-io

• Present passive.

• Perfect passive.

• Imperative mood, here.

• Negative & irregular imperatives.

• Subjunctive mood, here.

3-o

3-io

• Deponents.

Irregular verbs

• sum, esse, here.

indicative

present

• sum, esse, here.

indicative

perfect

• sum, esse, here.

subjunctive

• possum, posse, here.

indicative

present

• possum, posse, here.

indicative

perfect

• possum, posse, here.

subjunctive

• volo, velle, here.

indicative

subjunctive

• eo, ire, here.

indicative

subjunctive

• fero, ferre, here.

indicative

subjunctive

• fio, fieri.

indicative

subjunctive

Adverb basics, here.

Latin adverbs, little words that never change, are the students' friend: memorize them once and use them almost exactly as they are used in English.

Contrasting

sic ≠ non

bene ≠ male

certe ≠ mịnime

lente ≠ cito

mẹrito ≠ immẹrito

sursum ≠ deorsum

pigre ≠ diligenter

ạntea ≠ postea

benigne ≠ inique

clam ≠ palam

vere ≠ false

deinceps ≠ retrorsum

incassum ≠ effective

procul ≠ prope

rite ≠ pẹrperam

Series

heri ‒ họdie ‒ cras ‒ perẹndie

numquam ‒ raro ‒ interdum ‒ saepe ‒ semper

numquam ‒ semel ‒ bis ‒ ter ‒ quater ‒ quịnquies

imprimis ‒ deinde ‒ postremo

mịnime ‒ vix ‒ partim ‒ omnino

Pairings

nunc & tunc ▫ hic & ibi

Common

ịterum ▫ statim ▫ sụbito ▫ repente ▫ satis ▫ ergo ▫ invicem

Interrogative

ubi ▫ quid ▫ quando ▫ quare ≈ cur ▫ quomodo ▫ quam

Distinguish

foris & foras ▫ verum & verumtamen

Noun basics, here.

Second only to verbs, nouns and other 'substantives' are the most important words in a sentence.

• Noun case system, here.

• Declensions, here.

• Vocative case, here.

Semi-declined

Jesus, Jesu, Jesu, Jesum, Jesu.

Irregular

Jụppiter [Jove], Jovis, Jovi, Jovem, Jove.

Plurale tantum

tẹnebrae ▫ nụptiae ▫ castra ▫ divịtiae ▫ arma ▫ lịtterae ▫

Indeclinable

fas ▫ nefas ▫ mane ▫ satis ▫ instar ▫ nihil ▫ invịcem ▫

Pronoun basics, here.

• Personal, I, II here.

ego

• Personal, III, here.

• Relative, here.

qui

quae

quod

• Interrogative, here.

quis?

quid?

• Near demonstrative, here.

hic

haec

hoc

• Far demonstrative, here.

ille

illa

illud

• Far demonstrative (of yours), here.

iste

ista

istud

• Intensive, here.

ipse

ipsa

ipsum

• Reflexive, here.

—, sui, sibi, se (sese), se (sese)

Adjective basics, here.

• I / II Adjectives.

04

• III Adjectives.

16

• Adjectives with irregular comparisons.

27

• Partly irregular adjectives.

28

Indeclinable

necesse ▫ satis ▫

Preposition basics, here.

Latin prepositions, little words that never change, are the students' friend. Always memorize the case a given prepositions takes.

Accusative

ad ▫ trans ▫ ante ▫ secundum ▫ propter ▫ apud ▫ ob ▫ praeter ▫ extra ▫ intra ▫ iuxta ▫ pone/post ▫ infra ▫ ultra ▫ versus ▫ propter ▫ per ▫ supra ▫ inter ▫ contra ▫ circum ▫ adversus/m ▫ cis/citra ▫ erga ▫ secus ▫ usque ▫ circa/circiter ▫

Acc or Abl

in ▫ super ▫ sub

Ablative

a (ab, abs) ▫ coram / palam ▫ cum ▫ sine ▫ pro ▫ prae ▫

de ▫ e (ex) ▫

Improper

causa ▫ gratia ▫

Misc.

subter (acc or rarely abl) ▫ tenus (abl or gen, usually post-pos)

Conjunction basics, here.

Latin conjunctions, little words that never change, are the students' friend. They generally operate as do their English counterparts.

Coordinating

(fanboys)

Correlatives

et...et ▫ vel...vel ▫ aut...aut ▫ nec...nec ≈ neque...neque

Subordinating

Post-positives

enim ▫ autem ▫ igitur ▫ tamen ▫ quoque

Enclitics

-que ▫ -ve

Interjection basics, here.

Latin interjections, little words that never change, are the students' friend. They operate much like their English counterparts.

General

Ecce! ▫ O! ▫ Eia! ▫

Positive

Euge! ▫ Macte! ▫ Mehercle! ▫

Negative

(E)hue! ▫ Proh dolor! ▫ Vae! ▫

Grammar

Selected points.

• Basic rules for 'stress'.

• "Gen loves of."

• Dative of the possessor.

• Nominal sentence.

• Echo language ≠ Yes-No language.

• Verbs of 'give', 'offer', 'show', or 'tell', look for a dative.

• Parsing.

• Interrogative particle '-ne'

• The agency 'a'.

• Three adjectives that work with an ablative.

• Quia, quod, quoniam ≈ that, since, because.

• Three ways out of a jam.

• Ellipsis.

• Infinitive as subject.

• 'causa' as improper preposition.

• Number and gender of an infinitive noun (gerund).

• Perfect passive participle.

• Enclitic '-dam'.

• Ablative absolute.

• Nouns in apposition.

• You can't get enough of 'satis'.

• Present active participle.

• Periphrastic construction.

• Dative of personal agency.

• Infinitive of purpose.

• Passive infinitive.

• Syncopation.

• enclitics -cumque & -dam.

• Heteroclytes.

• Distinguish vere ▫ vero ▫ verus, -a, -um.

• Endings that always take the stress: -arum ▫ -orum ▫ -ịssimus/a/um

• Endings that never take stress: -ibus ▫ -ium ▫ -mini

Sundry

Roman numerals and numbers.

• Roman numerals: I, V, X, L, C, D, M.

• Roman numbers (recitation), I‒X, here.

• Quattuor‒Viginti, here.

• Roman numbers, 1‒100, here.

34

• Roman numbers, 101‒3,999, here.

• Declined: Unus, una, unum, here.

07

• Declined: Duo, duae, duo ▫ Tres, tres, tria, here.

34

Abbreviations.

Religious

INRI ▫ AD ▫ AMDG ▫ OPN ▫ RIP ▫ BVM ▫ DM

Secular

SPQR ▫ SD ▫ SPD ▫ SVBE ▫ SVBE(E)V ▫ AUC

Literary

EG ▫ QED ▫ ETC ▫ Nb ▫ Ibid

Other

AM ▫ PM ▫ FR

Other / Alia.

• Dies hebdọmadis, here.

Ecclesiastical

Classical

• Daily Dose of Latin Homepage.

Convocab.

In class

scamnum ▫ desca ▫ scheda ≈ charta ▫ tạbula ▫ penicillus ≈ stylus ▫ cạlamus ▫ sella ▫ pittạcium ▫ aula scholạstica ▫

Family

frater, fratris ▫ soror/is ▫ nepos, nepotis ▫ neptis ▫ socrus ▫ parens, parentis ▫

Meals

jejụnium ▫ jentạculum ▫ prạndium ▫ cena ▫ morsus, -us ▫ popina ▫ (taberna) ▫ caupona ▫ refectọrium ▫

Table

patella ▫ lanx, lancis (m) ▫ furca ▫ cọchlear/is (n) ▫ culter, cultri ▫ pọculum ▫ calix, cạlicis (m) ▫ lagona ▫ olla ▫

House

ạtrium ▫ culina ▫ cubịculum ▫ thạlamus ▫ cella ▫ fundamentum ▫ tectum ▫ fenestra ▫ ọstium ▫ focus ▫ ascẹnsio ▫ latrina ▫ lavạtio ▫

Weather

tempestas, tempestatis (f) ≈ caelum ▫ hiems, hiemis (f) ▫ ver/is (n) ▫ aestas, aestatis (f) ▫ autumnus ≈ auctumnum ▫ nix, nivis (f) ▫ gelum ▫ imber, imbris (m) ▫ ros, roris (m) ▫

Resources

Δ = link

to recording.

Some stressed antepenults are marked.

Top

Prayers.

• (Signum crucis). In nọmine Patris, et Fịlii, et Spịritus Sancti. Amen. Δ vsi.

• Ave Maria, grạtia plena, Dọminus tecum. Benedicta tu in muliẹribus, et benedictus fructus ventris tui, Jesus. Sancta Maria, Mater Dei, ora pro nobis peccatọribus, nunc et in hora mortis nostræ. Amen. Δ vsi.

• Pater noster, qui es in cælis: sanctificetur nomen tuum; advẹniat regnum tuum; fiat voluntas tua, sicut in cælo, et in terra. Panem nostrum quotidianum da nobis họdie; et dịmitte nobis dẹbita nostra, sicut et nos dimịttimus debitọribus nostris; et ne nos inducas in tentationem; sed lịbera nos a malo. Δ vsi.

• Glọria Patri, et Fịio, et Spirịtui Sancto; sicut erat in princịpio, et nunc, et semper, et in sǽcula saeculorum. Amen. Δ vsi.

• O mi Jesu, dịmitte nobis dẹbita nostra, lịbera nos ab ignis infernis, conduc in caelum omnes ạnimas, praesertim illas quae mạxime ịndigent misericọrdiae tuae.

• Salve, Regina, mater misericọrdiæ: vita, dulcedo, et spes nostra, salve. Ad te clamamus ẹxsules fịlii Hevæ. Ad te suspiramus, gementes et flentes in hac lacrimarum valle. Eia, ergo, advocata nostra, illos tuos misericọrdes ọculos ad nos converte. Et Iesum, benedictum fructum ventris tui, nobis post hoc exsịlium ostende. O clemens, O pia, O dulcis Virgo Maria. Amen. Δ vsi.

▫ Ora pro nobis, sancta Dei Gẹnetrix. Ut digni efficiamur promissiọnibus Christi.

• (Prayer after rosary). Deus, cujus Unigẹnitus per vitam, mortem, et resurrectionem Suam nobis salutis æternæ prǽmia comparavit: concede, quǽsumus: ut hæc mystẹria sacratịssimo beatæ Mariae Vịrginis Rosạrio recolentes, et imitemur quod cọntinent, et quod promittunt, assequamur, per eundem Chrịstum Dọminum nostrum. Amen. Δ vsi.

• (First table grace). Bẹnedic, Dọmine, nos, et hæc tua dona, quæ de tua largitate sumus sumpturi. Per Christum Dọminum nostrum. Amen. Δ pil.

• (Second table grace). Ạgimus tibi grạtias, omnịpotens Deus, pro universis benefịciis tuis, qui vivis et regnas in sǽcula saeculorum. Fidẹlium ạnimae, per misericọrdiam Dei, requiescant in pace. Amen. Δ pil.

• Ạngelus Dọmini nuntiavit Mariæ. / Et concepit de Spịritu Sancto. Ave Maria.

Ecce Ancilla Dọmini. / Fiat mihi secundum Verbum tuum. Ave Maria.

Et Verbum caro factum est. / Et habitavit in nobis. Ave Maria.

▫ Ora pro nobis, Sancta Dei Gẹnetrix. / Ut digni efficiamur promissiọnibus Christi.

▫ Oremus. Grạtiam tuam quǽsumus, Dọmine, mẹntibus nostris infunde; ut qui, ạngelo nuntiante, Christi Fịlii tui Incarnationem cognọvimus, per passionem eius et crucem, ad resurrectionis glọriam perducamur. Per eundem Christum Dọminum nostrum. Amen. Δ cf.

• Ạnima Christi, sanctịfica me. Corpus Christi, salva me. Sanguis Christi, inẹbria me. Aqua lạteris Christi, lava me. Pạssio Christi, conforta me. O bone Jesu, exaudi me. Intra tua vụlnera absconde me. Ne permittas me separari a te. Ab hoste maligno defende me. In hora mortis meæ voca me. Et iube me venire ad te, ut cum Sanctis tuis laudem te. In sǽcula sæculorum. Amen.

• Rẹquiem aeternam dona eis (ei), Dọmine, et lux perpẹtua lụceat eis (ei). Fidẹlium ạnimae, per misericọrdiam Dei, requiescant in pace. Amen. / Ạnimae ọmnium fidẹlium defunctorum, per misericọrdiam Dei, requiescant in pace. Amen. Δ om.

• Alma Redemptoris Mater, quae pẹrvia caeli porta manes, et stella maris, succurre cadenti, Sụrgere qui curat pọpulo: tu quae genuisti, natura mirante, tuum sanctum Genitorem, VIrgo prius ac postẹrius, Gabrielis ab ore sumens illud Ave, peccatorum miserere.

• Actiones nostras, quǽsumus Dọmine, aspirando praeveni et adiuvando prosẹquere: ut cuncta nostra operạtio a te semper incịpiat, et per te coepta finiatur. Per Christum Dọminum nostrum. Amen. Δ sra.

Resources

Δ = link

to recording.

Some stressed antepenults are marked.

Top

Hymns.

• Regina coeli, lætare, allelụia; Quia quem meruisti portare, allelụia; Resurrexit sicut dixit, allelụia; Ora pro nobis Deum, allelụia! Δ solo chant.

• Tantum ergo Sacramentum, veneremur cẹrnui: Et antịquum documentum, novo cedat ritui: Præstet fides supplementum, sensuum defẹctui. ▫ Genitori, Genitoque, laus et iubilatio, salus, honor, virtus quoque sit et benedictio: Procedenti ab utroque, compar sit laudatio. Amen. Δ choir chant.

• O salutaris Hostia, Quae caeli pandis ostium: Bella premunt hostilia, da robur fer auxilium. ▫ Uni trinoque Dọmino sit sempiterna glọria, Qui vitam sine termino nobis donet in pạtria. Δ choir; Δ solo and organ.

• O sanctissima, o piissima, dulcis Virgo Maria! Mater amata, intemerata, ora, ora pro nobis. ▫ Tu solatium et refugium, Virgo Mater Maria. Quidquid optamus, per te speramus; ora, ora pro nobis. Δ choir; Δ choir and organ.

• Adoro te devote, latens deitas, Quæ sub his figuris vere latitas; Tibi se cor meum totum subjicit, quia te contemplans totum deficit. ▫ Visus, tactus, gustus in te fallitur, sed auditu solo tuto creditur. Credo quidquid dixit Dei Filius; nil hoc verbo Veritatis verius. ▫ In cruce latebat sola Deitas, at hic latet simul et humanitas, Ambo tamen credens atque confitens, peto quod petivit latro pœnitens. ▫ Plagas, sicut Thomas, non intueor: Deum tamen meum te confiteor. Fac me tibi semper magis credere, in te spem habere, te diligere. Δ chant.

• Ave, verum corpus, natum de Maria virgine: ▫ Vere passum, immolatum in cruce pro homine; ▫ Cujus latus perforatum unda fluxit et sanguine. ▫ Esto nobis praegustatum in mortis examine. Δ four voices.

• Veni Creator Spịritus mentes tuorum visita, imple superna grạtia quae tu creasti pectora. ▫ Qui diceris Paraclitus, altịssima donum Dei, fons vivus, ignis, cạritas, et spiritalis ụnctio. ▫ Tu, septiformis mụnere, digitus paternae dẹxterae, Tu rite promissum Patris, sermone ditans gụttura. ▫ Accende lumen sẹnsibus: infunde amorem cọrdibus: infirma nostri cọrporis virtute firmans perpeti. ▫ Hostem repellas longius, pacemque dones protinus: ductore sic te praevio vitemus omne noxium. ▫ Per te sciamus da Patrem, noscamus atque Filium; Teque utrisque Spiritum credamus omni tẹmpore. ▫ Deo Patri sit gloria, et Filio, qui a mortuis surrexit, ac Paraclito, in saeculorum sǽcula. Amen. Δ chant.

Resources

Δ = link

to recording.

Top

Songs.

• Gaudeamus igitur, 13th century. Δ two verses; Δ complete song.

(I) Gaudeamus igitur, juvenes dum sumus. (bis)

Post iucundam iuventutem, post molestam senectutem,

nos habebit humus, nos habebit humus!

(II) Vivat academia, vivant professores! (bis)

Vivat membrum quodlibet, vivant membra quaelibet,

semper sint in flore, semper sint in flore!

(Others)

Ubi sunt qui ante nos, in mundo fuere? (bis)

Vadite ad superos, transite in inferos,

hos si vis videre, hos si vis videre!

Vita nostra brevis est, brevi finietur. (bis)

Venit mors velociter, rapit nos atrociter,

nemini parcetur, nemini parcetur!

Semper ius canonicum confirmet Ecclesiam. (bis)

Canonistae nobis dant, ceteri quam obscurant,

viam veram et correctam, viam veram et correctam!

Let us rejoice thus, while we are young (twice)
After a pleasant youth, after troublesome old age,
the earth will have us, the earth will have us!

Long live the school! Long live the teachers! (twice)
Long live each student, long live every student,
forever may they flourish, forever may they flourish!

• Non nobis, Psalm 115:1. Δ (Doyle).

Non nobis Dọmine, Dọmine, non nobis, Dọmine,

sed nọmini, sed nọmini tuo da glọriam.

Not us, O Lord, O Lord, not to us, O Lord,

but to (your) name, to your name give the glory.

• Heri. Δ (Beatles / Ranieri).

O heri, omnes curae distabant mihi

ac labores sunt mansuri

o, ipse credo in hoc heri.

Et statim, non sum tantus vir quem noverim,

umbrae pendentes crescunt sensim

O di, heri coit statim.

Cur me reliquit, nemo scit, non dixit mi

dixi rem pravam, iam cupiam uti sit heri.

O heri, ludebamus amore facili,

ac nunc volo modo celari

O, ipse credo in hoc heri.

Cur me reliquit, nemo scit, non dixit mi

dixi rem pravam, iam cupiam uti sit heri.

O heri, ludebamus amore facili,

ac nunc volo modo celari

O, ipse credo in hoc heri.

Mmmmmm.

• Nobilis albulus. Δ (Rogers-Hammerstein / Ranieri)

Cur non mi dixisti?

Quid?

Ut afferam harmonicam.

Nobilis albule, mane me salutas

floscule, clarule, corcula mea laetas.

Candida nix, crescas, floreas,

floreasque semper.

Nobilis albule, patriam umquam beato!

Why didn't you tell me?

What?

That I should bring my harmonica.

Sicut Pater, taciter, stat Faber supra nos. Dicit nobis suaviter, defendo quoque vos.

Templates

Phrases.

Pax Christi (tecum).

Pax et bonum.

Salve! Salvete!

Ave! Avete!

Vale! Valete!

Quomodo dicitur?
Quid significat?

Gratulor tibi / vobis!
Vae tibi / vobis!

Tibi gratias (ago).

Minime.

Ego quoque. ≠ Neque ego.

Ignosce mihi.
Ignoscite mihi.

Mox. Moxmox. ≠ Nondum.

Recte dixisti. ≠ False dixisti.

Deo volente. ≠ Deus vetet!

Vocabulary (in continual process).

• Collins Units 01-08. Collins main, here.

• Collins Units 09-16. Collins main, here.

staging, disregard materials below.